Low frequency simulation of a Gas Insulated Switchgear
CST EM STUDIO™ (CST EMS) can be applied to the simulation of an ABB Calor Emag SF6 Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) such as the one depicted in figure 1 which was also simulated in [1]. A primary goal of such a simulation is to obtain the current distribution in the switchgear conductors with proximity and skin depth effects taken into account. The CST EMS Low Frequency solver is appropriate for this purpose. The geometry is imported from Pro/E® and consists of a metallic housing in which a three-phase conductor system is situated. The metallic housing is considered as perfectly conducting whereas the inner conductors have a electrical conductivity of 3.2e7 S/m. 50 Hz three phase currents of magnitude 4000 A, shifted in phase by 120 degrees, are injected via 3 so-called current paths, defined at the ends of the conductors on the same side of the GIS.
Figure 1: Gas insulated switchgear with housing, conductors and current path excitation arrangement
The skin depth must be taken into account when meshing the model hence a large number of mesh cells are required. This model, solved with the CST EMS Low Frequency (magnetoquasistatic) tetrahedral solver, consists of 1.48 million tetrahedrons corresponding to 1.72 million complex unknowns and simulates to an accuracy of 1e-6 in just 8 minutes on an Intel 2 GHz Woodcrest system.
Figure 2: Tetrahedral mesh used for the simulation of the gas insulated switchgear
The generated mesh and the current path excitations for the simulation are shown in figure 2. The conductors have been adequately discretised to allow for the correct modelling of the skin depth by specifying a maximum mesh step width.
Figure 3: Phase variation of current distribution in the conductors
Further post-processing quantities such as the electrical losses and forces on the conductors may also be calculated. This article has demonstrated some of the powerful capabilities of CST EMS for the simulation of a medium voltage switchgear component, namely, the comprehensive CAD Import features and the fast and efficient low frequency solver.
Reference:
[1] Oliver Sterz, Andreas Hauser, Gabriel Wittum, "Adaptive Local Multigrid Methods for Solving Time-Harmonic Eddy-Current Problems", IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 42, No. 2, February 2006.
CST Article "Low frequency simulation of a Gas Insulated Switchgear"
last modified 10. Jul 2007 11:13
printed 10. Feb 2012 7:08, Article ID 332
URL:
All rights reserved.
Without prior written permission of CST, no part of this publication may be
reproduced by any method, be stored or transferred into an electronic data processing system, neither mechanical or by any other method.
Article ID: 332
Last modified: 10. Jul 2007 11:13
Other Articles
CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® has been succesfully applied to the simulation of a wide-band dual-mode horn antenna which exhibits a rotationally symmetric beam and low side-lobe levels.
Read full article..
This article demonstrates the simulation of an electrically large antenna. The design and numerical results are courtesy and permission of Chelton Antennas, France. The antenna operates at 8 GHz and was simulated using the CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® Transient Solver which is, as a result of its efficient memory scaling, ideal for such electrically large structures - the dish diameter in this example is approximately 20 wavelengths in size.
Read full article..
A Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) can be optimized on two fronts; the magnet design itself and the dynamic performance.
Such a motor can be easily simulated with parametric magnetostatic solutions which can be solved using either the CST EM STUDIO® (CST EMS) 2D or 3D magnetostatic solvers. Only a single 3D model is required for both types of simulation ensuring that the geometry, excitation, materials and boundary conditions are consistent between the 2D and 3D models.
Read full article..
CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® and Agilent ADS have been successfully employed in this OEIC driver design - an example of a high speed analog/broadband IC application.The package model was imported from Agilent momentum and the model was simulated upto a 100 GHz in CST MWS.The resulting eye diagrams of the driver design from CST MWS are compared with those from Agilent momentum and other test cases.
Read full article..
IMS Connector Systems is an international, technology driven company specialized in development and production of high frequency connections. The product range includes a large assortment of coaxial RF connectors, coaxial cable assemblies, RF test switches, RF antenna switches, test adapters and test assemblies, battery contacts as well as antennas for mobile devices.
Application and Simulation using CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® and CST EM STUDIO™ by Roland Baur, IMS Connector Systems, Löffingen, Germany
Read full article..